Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a chemical Swedish inventor of dynamite, who became rich thanks to its steelworks and arms production. At his death in 1896, were instituted the prizes that bear his name with part of that fortune, bequeathed as a last wish to do so. His surname was originally Nobelius, but by fashion ever Latino terminations of names, keeping the stress were eliminated. That is why the word is acute.
The 40 Nobel prize; the Real Academia Española recommends the acute pronunciation: /nobel/1 ) It is given each year to people who carry out research, running outstanding discoveries during the preceding year, carry out the greatest benefit to mankind or notable contribution to society in the preceding year.Each winner receives a gold medal, a diploma and a sum of money. The prize can not be awarded posthumously, unless the winner has been appointed before his death. Nor may a prize be shared by more than three people.The awards were instituted as the last will of Alfred Nobel, inventor of dynamite and Swedish industrialist. Nobel signed his will at the Norwegian Club in Paris on 27 November 1895. Felt guilty about his responsibility as an entrepreneur enriched through an industry producing dynamite whose main market was mining, but also the war.[citation needed] This may have been the main motivation of his famous will, perhaps attached to the custom of the time of actions to transcend his name when he died.[citation needed]Table of contents [Hide] 1 introduccion2 Premio2.1 Medalla2.2 Diploma2.3 amount economico3 the testament of Alfred Nobel4 Vincitori multiples5 other premios6 see tambien7 Referencias8 links external to [edit] IntroducciónFachada de la Konserthuset Stockholm, where the Nobel prizes and the prize of music Polar.La are delivered first ceremony of the Nobel prizes in literature, physics, chemistry and medicine was held in the old Royal Academy of music in Stockholm (41 Sweden; in 1901. Since 1902, the King of Sweden awarded prizes. Initially, the King Oscar II did not agree to give the prize to foreigners, but it is said that it changed from idea to realizing the enormous commercial potential for the country.The prizes are awarded in a ceremony held annually at Stockholm's Concert Hall, following the banquet in the City Hall on December 10, date that Alfred Nobel died. The Nobel Peace Prize takes place in Oslo, Norway. The names of the winners, however, often announce them in October, the various committees and institutions that serve as the courts of selection of the awards.The various fields in which prizes are awarded are as follows: physical ( decided by Real Academia Sueca of Sciences )Chemical ( decided by Real Academia Sueca of Sciences )Physiology or medicine ( decided by the Karolinska Institute )Literature ( decided by the Swedish Academy )Peace ( decided by the Committee Nobel of the 41 Norwegian Parliament;Economy ( decided by the Bank of Sweden )The death of Alfred Nobel came a curious situation with regard to the institutions responsible for granting awards, since Alfred Nobel appointed them without consultation with the institutions about their acceptance or the criteria for the award of prizes. However, after many doubts within these institutions themselves, all of them accepted.The Bank of Sweden Prize in economic sciences in memory of Alfred Nobel, created in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank (Central Bank of Sweden ) no was provided funds based on the "34 Nobel's Testament; and therefore it is technically a 40 Nobel Prize; and the current family does not accept Nobel as tal ). However, this prize is awarded along with the other Nobel prizes. In 1968 it was decided not to add any other prize " in memory of Nobel " in the future. February 1995 agreed that the prize in economics is redefiniría as a prize in social sciences, thus opening the Nobel Prize to great contributions in fields such as political science, psychology and sociology. In addition, the Economics Prize Committee suffered changes so that two members not economists participate each year in the process of selecting ( previously the Prize Committee was composed only by five economists ).
